Tue 12 Feb 2008
Will Slack ‘11 makes two important points in this WSO thread.
First, what has actually happened at Williams over the last few years?
From my own conversations, the impression I get is that there was a real problem for many students before the incident. The event in Willy E was a flash point to start the ball rolling, so to speak. Much of the group is organizing ways of showing the pattern they see to the committee. You are free to make your own judgment, but please consider what the group puts forth on Wednesday before forming a final opinion on whether or not there is a pattern.
This is important. If Stand With Us accomplishes nothing more than a thorough and objective account of troublesome incidents at Williams over the last few years, it will be a success. We need an accounting. We need to know what has happened at our Williams. This does not need to include student names, although the students who tell these stories should be encouraged to stand up and be counted. But we do need every possible detail outside of the names. When did these events occur? Who was there (one student, three visitors, whatever)? What was said? By whom? Everything. It is clear from the discussion on WSO that many students, rightly or wrongly, see Willy E. N-word as a horrible, but isolated incident. They think, correctly or incorrectly, that public acts of racism at Williams are vanishingly rare. (This is unlike the case of drunken vandalism and stupidity, which is all too common.) Not being on campus, I don’t know if these students are right or wrong. But Stand With Us needs to document the pattern of racism (if there is one) in excruciating detail. Doing so will help to convince skeptics that there is a problem.
And note that I made a similar suggestion three years ago.
Second, besides the importance of recording actual events, we have the necessity of considering specific hypotheticals. Slack writes:
Do you think that if the perpetrators had not vandalized, their action would have merited any punishment from the Dean? For example, would a poster on a bulletin board in my entry saying “Stupid Georgian redneck idiot in this entry!” merit punishment for whoever put it up?
No. I am a free speech absolutist. Freedom of speech does not end at the top of Spring Street. Although Williams as private institution might be able to get away with restricting student speech, it should not do so. If a student at MCLA can do put up an obnoxious poster on her door, then so can a student at Williams. (Opinions from Eph lawyers are welcome. My understanding is that state institutions like MCLA are bound by the first amendment. Whether that applies to posting on a college owned door or on a designated space for posters or just standing on college property and holding the poster is a trickier issue. Williams is more free, but I know that people (case law, please) have argued that Williams is bound to be at least as free either because it advertises itself to be so and/or because it takes federal funding.)
Now, Will’s example is not a good one because it implies that the poster is attacking one student as an individual. I think that this might raise legitimate harassment concerns. But any general poster, however hateful and intolerant, must be allowed. I think that the College feels the same, hence no punishment for Mary Jane Hitler.
But, again, Will’s use of a specific example is exactly what the debate needs to be more productive. We are all against “hate.” We differ, perhaps, on what freedoms Williams should allow its students and faculty. Specific examples highlight those important disagreements and allow us to make progress. I offered some more hypotheticals here.
Please be specific. Give an example of an action that is currently not proscribed by either Massachusetts law or College regulations that this “social honor code” would cover and then punish. If all we are talking about is an Eph Style Guide, violations of which would lead to no official action by the College, then we already agree. But it seems like you, and the students involved, have something more in mind. But, we can only make progress with concrete examples.
How about Mary Jane Hitler? The College clearly allows students to place posters on other students doors (it seems) and certainly allows it in designated spots on campus. Would your social honor code punish students who put up posters like that?
How about the students who, Morty described, engaged in “an outdoor conversation among several students that included the cavalier use of the same racial slur that appeared last weekend in Williams Hall”? Would these students be punished (suspended? expelled?) by the College?
How about a student making the same claim as former baseball Dave Barnard, that Hispanic baseball players are more likely than, say, Japanese baseball players to engage in on-field fights, taunting and so on? Would a student (or coach!) who made that claim be in violation of the social honor code?
The best examples are not so much hypothetical as drawn from Williams’ own recent history. Use them to tighten and focus the debate.
In any event, kudos to Will for his excellent commentary on WSO.
13 Responses to “ Actuals and Hypotheticals ”
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November 9th, 2008 at 4:12 pm[...] book,” as we say in finance, since I proposed a version of this plan three years ago (and in February). There should be chapter in the [Diversity Initiatives] report, perhaps in the Context section, [...]

February 12th, 2008 at 9:10 pm
I was trying to draw a parallel to the events in Willy E without the vandalism aspect, hence the hypothetical.
February 12th, 2008 at 9:23 pm
Good. I think that the closer we keep to actual examples the better. And, of course, you are correct to remove the vandalism aspect which is already punished by the College.
So, a better example would be a student who puts a sign on her door that just said “Nigger” (perhaps a poster for this rapper) or a picture of the Confederate Flag or one Mary Jane Hitler posters or whatever.
Do we have any readers who would be in favor of prohibiting such student speech? I will fight any such effort.
February 12th, 2008 at 10:20 pm
Why is it OK for the world outside the Purple Bubble to use the n-word, but not OK when it shows up in a Williams dorm? And why is it OK only if people of a certain race use the n-word?
This is all just a little bit absurd.
February 13th, 2008 at 3:20 am
aparent:
Great question and probably one that should be in the “Pact’s” efforts to answer.
The Randall Kennedy book “Nigger-The Strange Career of a Troublesome Word” attempts to unravel and clarify the valid point you raise. If my link works, it will take you to an interesting interview with him where he says the use of the word and its power to do harm, all has to with the intent behind it and the context in which it is said.
http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200201u/int2002-01-17
February 13th, 2008 at 6:17 am
I disagree. Ever since I remember (I was born in 1935), the derogatory use of the word “nigger” or the like has been considered by truly civilized folks to be declasse and a sure sign of the user’s cultural degeneracy.
February 13th, 2008 at 8:08 am
That’s an interesting thesis, that the derogatory use of the word “nigger” is not just an offense to other individuals but a degenerate influence on culture itself. Is that incompatible with Randall Kennedy’s assessment that “the use of the word and its power to do harm, all has to with the intent behind it and the context in which it is said.”
February 13th, 2008 at 10:42 am
Frank,
I’m not sure what you’re disagreeing with, but Randall says:
“The word (now) has many meanings……the one that probably is meaning number one is derogatory slur…”
He goes on to talk about present-day use of it as a “term of endearment” ( now, not even just from one black to another), and Twains use of it (ok because he was an anti-rascist) and other uses in which the intent behind it is not meant to hurt. The interview is really worth a read.
IMO, The book sheds light but doesn’t really provide the solution, because discerning intent could be so highly subjective.
February 13th, 2008 at 11:17 am
“Why is it OK for the world outside the Purple Bubble to use the n-word, but not OK when it shows up in a Williams dorm?”
It’s not “OK for the world outside…to use the n-word.” Any major news figure who used the word publicly would be instantly fired. Any national politician would find their career destroyed. African Americans using among themselves is a very different case, as you would have to be completely obtuse not to realize. Yet even in that context use of the word receives a substantial amount of criticism.
February 13th, 2008 at 12:12 pm
annoyed: are you unfamiliar with the fact of (per FM’s citation) the “present-day use of it as a ‘term of endearment’ (now, not even just from one black to another)”?
February 13th, 2008 at 1:32 pm
The goal of Williams College should be empowerment not only by allowing our students to achieve their individual goals but also improving the character of our students. By allowing our students to become more congruent with their individual goals and intentions, and more importantly, by focusing on character attributes that are out of sync with these persons, we can have well disciplined, confident and resourceful human beings. The stature of this school should be based on character formation along with goal setting aphorisms of “aim far and high”.
Focusing on the deficiencies will not change the predicament of this school. We need to ask ourselves these questions:
What would a person with more self-esteem, courage, self-discipline, confidence, compassion, gratitude, imagination, flexibility, curiousity, resourcefulness, wisdom, do in my situation? By asking these question for each of our goals, we end up with a list of character qualities to develop. By strengthening these qualities, we become the kind of persons who can and will achieve their goals. Character building is one of the best effects, even more powerful than the goal itself. Goals make for a stronger character.
Who among us can truthfully look into their mirror and tell me that they have never had an ill thought, never a superior moment or a mood of contempt for the other? Do not our religious teaching speak volumes about others who are not our equal and give us guidelines for where we can and cannot give assistance to our neighbors. Our entire past traditions are filled with contempt, hate, and distrust of others. We need a re-examination of who we are, what our beliefs are, why we do what we do?
Punitive and retribution methodologies are not where it is at. Reward and punishment is not a proper paradigm. It is better to help that person(s) whose intemperate behavior gave way to an unreasoned reaction than humiliation and other forms of deprecation. We are only as good as every member of this team.
February 14th, 2008 at 12:42 am
In the game of bridge, one participant’s utterance– “bid”– statement, proposition, or “command,” and the intent behind it– is certainly important, but a minor determinant of the outcome of the exchance.
Randall’s attempt at iterating the possible meanings of the employment of the statement is, thus, from the perspective of something like “speech act theory,” rather inadequate at explaining what is really going on.
“The cards” (matter}() more.
February 14th, 2008 at 2:36 am
Good point, Ken.
Words are not always representative of the real exchange.
Randall, of course, knows this. Providing all the meanings is just a way to spell out the possible scenarios.
And as far as my “highly subjective” comment? I don’t really believe that exists in the ‘moment’ of the exchange… between the parties involved.